Happy Father's Day
SJCC Commencement
I graduated from San Jose City College. Yeah!
Looking forward to going to UC Berkeley
Highlights
- Special Callout for Outstanding Academic Achievement during the Commencement.
(That was quite unexpected)
- I had been shortlisted (list of 5) for valedictorian too
- Three tassels on my cap. Yellow for Honors, Purple - Transfer, Black - Regular)
- Yellow Honor Cord
- Lots of Sashes - a silver one from DSP too.
- My Patti (grandma) was able to attend.
A Baby Bundle
Impact of Autism and Coping Strategies in Indian-American Families
A Case Study in the Neural Basis of Communication Challenges
Winds of Change
Winds of change
Mangled Cognitive distortions
Oppressive muddy skies
Swallowed by emotional whirlpool
Lost anchor to the gentle breeze
Tornado rages on
No respite...
Blazing an unwanted path
OCDs gleely plunge in.
Anchor buffeted about
Login needed anon
Try, try, But how?
Drowning mind needs to stretch
An anchor out of reach
A tsunami at sea, tailspin
Autism and the ANS
A writeup I did for my college Biological Psychology Course
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Hari Srinivasan
Psych 22: Biological Psychology
Autism and the ANS
Abstract
Autism as a spectrum disorder is still not fully understood as it comes in many variants which indicate varied underlying psychological basis. This paper discusses the role of the nervous system in Autism, specifically the Autonomic Nervous System. While research is underway in the path towards its biological underpinnings, a much better understanding is required before it can translate into meaningful treatments in order to improve the quality of life for the affected ASD population.
Autism and the Nervous System
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurological disorder with its onset commonly in early childhood. The DSM-V classification of ASD is largely based on observable external behaviors such as deficits in social-emotional skills, repetitive behaviors, and communication skills. However the condition also seems to be accompanied by a whole host of co-morbid conditions such as ADHD, mood disorders, sleep disorders, intellectual disability, obsessive compulsive behaviors, and sensory dysregulation. Epigenetics could also play a role wherein the environment affects gene expression. A mix and match of varying degrees of severity in these parameters result in huge numbers of people that fit this spectrum disorder. One in every 110 children is being diagnosed with ASD in the US today . The severity ranges from individuals who are non -verbal and/or with many challenging behaviors to those who are barely distinguishable from their peers.
There has been an increasing focus on the role the nervous system plays in the physiological underpinnings of autism. For instance, my personal experience as a person in the ASD spectrum points to the inability of the ASD individual’s nervous system to handle environmental input as the probable cause behind the atypical “stim” (ie: self stimulatory) mannerisms. An example is walking into a crowded room and hearing every conversation in the room at the same volume, and being unable to filter out the ones the individual needs to focus on. The ASD individual may resort to atypical behaviors like flicking fingers in front of his eyes, generating their own verbal sounds or even banging their hands on their heads, all in an attempt to drown out the environmental visual and auditory cacophony. Social and communication skills are part of a typical person’s toolbox in coping with stressful situations; deficits in these areas often prevent an easy resolution for the ASD individual, heightening the problem. So sensory stimulation can result in hyper-arousal, hypo arousal or sensory seeking behaviors in ASD individuals.
My personal observation and experience as an individual on the ASD spectrum has also been that of an unclear sense of body-schema which could well be the cause of the constant movement exhibited by many on the spectrum. It is almost as though the brain has to continually ascertain the position of the parts of the rest of the body in space and time. The continual movement of the body (a movement disorder) could be an adaptive effort to keep this connection between brain and body alive. Without the movement, it would be like a brain that was lost as it did not feel attached to the body. A sense of panic could well set in when waking up in the dark at night and feeling body-less, thereby affecting sleep patterns and mood. According to the Subiaul et al (2007), “ It is well known that individuals with autism have poor body schemas and suffer from impairments in motor functioning, and planning.” Ergo, ASD individuals exhibit atypical Autonomic Nervous System activity,
The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is part of the Peripheral Nervous System. The ANS regulates our internal organs thus involving a lot of actions that are involuntary in nature. The ANS has 3 parts - the Sympathetic Nervous System, the Parasympathetic Nervous System and the Enteric Nervous System. The Sympathetic, “controls functions that accompany arousal and expenditure of energy,” while the parasympathetic, “controls functions that occur during relaxed state,” (Carlson, 2013). Many studies have backed observations about atypical ANS activity in Autism, such as the study by Schaaf et al. (2015) which found that ASD participants exhibited, “a different pattern of parasympathetic activity”. Changes in heart rate (specifically RSA or Respiratory Sinus Arrythma) in response to sensory stimuli is an oft-used measure of Parasympathetic activity in studies due to its non-invasive nature while variants of EGC’s are needed for measuring sympathetic activity (Schaaf et al., 2015). Schaaf et al. also point to other studies that show atypical arousal levels in sympathetic system in ASD individuals. Interestingly the sympathetic activity decreased in some studies and increased in other studies, leading researchers to conclude that ASD individuals would, “engage in self-stimulatory or active sensory seeking behaviors to either dampen or increase sympathetic levels in order to calm or arouse themselves,” respectively (Schaaf et al, 2015). Even as scientists and researchers agree more and more on ANS dysregulation in the ASD population, “the exact nature of the ANS dysregulation is [still] not clear,”.
Such self stimulatory mannerisms and movement issues, being almost involuntary in nature, pose one of the biggest challenges for an ASD individual and their families as they are considered socially inappropriate and make societal inclusion and acceptance all that much harder for the ASD individual especially as an adult. It is clear that further insight into understanding the biological underpinnings of the ANS dysregulation in Autism is necessary before it can translate into meaningful and targeted treatments for the ASD population. For instance, the neurotransmitters, acetylcholine and norepinephrine play a major role in the ANS; the manipulation of which via pharmaceuticals could potentially play a future role in treatment and thereby improving the quality of life for ASD individuals. In the meantime, many in the Autism population continue to muddle through their overwhelming sensory environment hampered by a dysregulated Autonomic Nervous System.
A Frame of Reference - My Kiersey Myer Briggs Results
Retrograde Motion
Red Moon
Time to Recalculate - Your Zodiac Slipped
Our view of the sky has changed since - in fact we now have 13 Zodiacs. There is a new constellation called Ophiuchus.
The zodiac you knew all along could just be off by a month or you could be in a brand new zodiac too. How about that?
We are all familiar with the first 2 motions of earth The Earth orbits the Sun in a 365 day cycle
The Earth rotates on its axis in an approximate 24 hr cycle.
But there is a third and less known motion of the Earth known as the Precession of Equinoxes. The axis of Earth itself wobbles /gyrates like a top in a 26,000 year cycle. It stands to reason that our view of the night sky will change as a result over time.
Polaris, our current north star for instance, is 1 degree off the North Celestial Pole. In around 12,000 years, our north star will be Vega. We will be back to Polaris again when the cycle completes.
Celestial Sphere and Ecliptic: For an observer on earth, our visible sky seems to move around us in a counterclockwise fashion on the inner surface of a giant imaginary Celestial Sphere. The Ecliptic is basically the apparent annual path of the sun against the background of the stars or the projection of Earth’s orbital place on the celestial sphere.
Traditional Western Astrology, gives us the 12 zodiac signs. The zodiac sign corresponds to the position of the sun relative to constellations on the Ecliptic. ie: which constellation was the sun in the day you were born. Ancient Astrologers calculated that each constellation was approx 30 degrees in the ecliptic, 30 deg for Aries, 30 degrees for Taurus etc… starting in around 600 BCE. Under this system
Aquarius Jan 20- Feb 18, Pisces Feb 19 - Mar 20, Aries Mar 21 - Apr 19, Taurus Apr 20 - May 20, Gemini May 21 - Jun 20, Cancer Jun 21 - July 22, Leo July 23 - Aug 22, Virgo Aug 23 - Sep 22, Libra Sep 23 - Oct 22, Scorpio Oct 23-Nov 21. Sagittarius Nov 22- Dec 21, Capricorn Dec 22 - Jan 19
That is, a person born on Feb 22 (me) would fall under the Pisces astrological sign. The same method of calculation has however continued over the millennia without taking into account the Precession of the Equinoxes. The celestial equator (projection of our equator on the celestial sphere) has also moved due to the Precession of the Equinoxes. (Where the celestial equator meets the ecliptic are the vernal and autumnal equinoxes.) The intersection of the celestial equator and the ecliptic has moved off west by almost 36 degrees (approx 1/10 of its cycle) currently. So all the zodiac signs have slipped off by around a month. So when we correct for the Precession of the Equinoxes, the correct zodiac sign for the Feb 22nd born per today’s sky is Aquarius.
In fact there is a 13th constellation visible in the ecliptic now. The southern part of constellation Ophiuchus or the Serpent bearer appears between Scorpius and Sagittarius during spring and summer.
Capricorn - Jan 20 - Feb 16, Aquarius - Feb 16 - Mar 11, Pisces - Mar 11 - Apr 18, Aries - Apr 18 - May 13, Taurus - May 13 - Jun 21, Gemini - Jun 21 - Jul 20, Cancer - Jul 20 - Aug 10, Leo - Aug 10 - Sep 16, Virgo - Sep 16 - Oct 30, Libra - Oct 30 - Nov 23, Scorpius - Nov 23 - Nov 29, Ophiuchus - Nov 29 - Dec 17, Sagittarius - Dec 17 - Jan 20
The zodiac you knew all along could just be off by a month or you could be in a brand new zodiac too. How about that?
Choosing to Help
A personal reflection for a Psychology assignment
Choosing to Help and Myer-Briggs Personality Type
Reflect on your own experiences with choosing to help or not help others.
I think my having autism has probably influenced my thinking and perception quite a bit. Perhaps it may not have been so, if I did not have this disability.
I've had autism almost all my life and for many years I really had no avenue of communication with others, being non-verbal. I also have lots of sensory issues which make me hyperactive and seem almost attention deficit and a bunch of fine motor issues too. There is this huge mind-body disconnect.
Whatever was tried eg: picture icons etc were so limited in nature. The icons were usually ones that the teacher thought I needed to communicate (not what I wanted to communicate). But can human communication be limited to 20 objects on a page for months on end. Very simple lessons (which I could grasp in a few minutes) were repeated months/years on end. It was dismal and I tuned out for most part out of sheer boredom. Of course this was viewed as my not being able to learn by my teachers and other experts in the field. And I was not the only one. Year after year, I would see observe others in my situation or similar situations leading this quite hopeless existence. And from the conversations I would hear, there were hundreds of kids being diagnosed in my area itself.
I had plenty of time to just observe and ponder. Its intriguing - the conversations and discussions you hear and see, when you are assumed incapable of understanding. You may as well be a fly on the wall. It speaks a lot for the human nature - their public vs their private faces. It was perplexing and frustrating, yet ironically educational in way.
On a broarder level, predujuices seemed to permeate all aspects of society. There seemed to almost be this ignorance on the part of many which resulted in negative consequences for other target populations or individuals. There was this broad underlying commonality in all situations.
At 13, I was introduced to typing and finally able to communicate and then finally access an age-appropriate education at 14, that my typical peers took for granted. I found I could make a difference in changing influences and attitudes through my writing. Physically I have many challenges to overcome, but can at least communicate more specifics to researchers and doctors (be part of the solution) rather them guessing what the issues are.
I can be a productive member of society and a contributing member of society, albeit in my own way. Isn't that the purpose of human existence.
Instructor Feedback: Thank you for being so open. I can’t help but be intrigued about what you learned and heard while you felt you were a fly on the wall. I am sure it has given you a perspective on life that many your age have never even thought of.
What personality factors influenced your response?
My Myer Briggs personality type showed as INFP.
However I don't agree with everything that is listed under this category.
While my silent years have probably developed the intuitive, feeling and sensing part, I am extremely logical in my thinking too when it calls for. I can plan and organize things in my mind. This has become somewhat a necessity for me as I am a very slow typer. It takes a very short time to organize concepts, details and ideas in my mind or even absorb and analyze information, and a long time to type it all out. I hope to be a scientific researcher in addition to being an author/poet/writer.
I can be disorganized in my daily life but that is due to challenges of autism, not my mind. I do have emotional regulation challenges too but again that is part of the inability to physically do many tasks as well the teen hormones.
I don't see why a person should be classified into a slot - the human mind has the potential for so much more. Very true, the depths of the human mind is beyond comprehension, it is quite impossible to put someone in a slot.