Interoception

Interoception refers to the perception of internal bodily states and is a critical component of emotional awareness and regulation. In autism, interoceptive experiences can be distinct, potentially influencing the recognition and communication of needs and emotions (Quattrocki & Friston, 2014). This divergence in interoceptive processing underscores the complexity of understanding internal states and managing emotions in autism.

 



https://www.dailycal.org/2018/03/15/first-transitions

Your body position influences your emotional state

Research on posture and emotion has shown that adopting certain body positions can influence one's emotional state.

A study by Peper and Lin (2012) explored how body posture affects energy levels and the ability to generate positive and negative thoughts. They found that an upright posture can promote a more positive mood and energy levels, while a slumped posture can lead to increased feelings of depression.

Peper, E., & Lin, I. (2012). Increase or decrease depression: How body postures influence your energy level. Biofeedback, 40(3), 125-130.

Understanding Autism and The Cocktail Party Effect

 Plain Language Version for Lay Reader

The "cocktail party effect" is the brain's ability to focus on one sound, like a conversation, while ignoring other noises around us. Imagine you're at a busy party with many people talking. You can still listen to and talk with one person without getting distracted by the background noise. This skill involves parts of the brain that handle hearing and attention. The term was first used by scientist Colin Cherry in the 1950s.

How It Works

At a noisy event, like a party, you can focus on what one person is saying even though many other conversations are happening at the same time. This shows how we can pick out specific sounds in a noisy place. Scientists study this to understand how our attention and hearing systems work together.

Autism and the Cocktail Party Effect

For autistics, the cocktail party effect can work differently because of how they process sounds and focus their attention. Here are some key points:

  • Auditory Filtering: Autistics might find it harder to separate speech from background noise. This is sometimes called "auditory filtering problems."
  • Research Findings: Studies show that autistic children often have more trouble focusing on speech in noisy places compared to non-autistic children. This can lead to feeling overwhelmed by too much noise.
  • Brain Differences: The parts of the brain that deal with sound might work differently in autistic people. This can make it hard to tell apart important sounds (like someone talking to you) from background noise.

Why It Matters

Understanding these differences is important to help autistic people feel more comfortable in noisy places. Schools, workplaces, and social settings can use this knowledge to create better environments that consider their sensory needs.

Versions of this article: Academic/Scientific Audience, Plain Language for Lay Reader

Articles on other topics in #PlainSpeak

Appreciation

Got a nice note today. 


Just wanted to tell you the articles you are publishing are very well-written and insightful into the mind of someone with autism. I have a little brother who is autistic, so I am very fascinated by what you write as it helps me understand him better and makes me better equipped to help him navigate his grief at any time he may require. I sincerely appreciate and admire your work man, just wanted to reach out and let you know. Take care of yourself!

Our bodily states and emotional reaction

The relationship between bodily states and emotional reactions is a well-documented area in psychological research, with several studies supporting the idea that physical expressions and postures can influence emotions. Here are key findings from research that support the statement:

Facial Feedback Hypothesis:
The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that facial movements can influence emotional experiences. For example, the act of smiling can actually make people feel happier. A seminal study by Strack, Martin, and Stepper (1988) found that participants who held a pen in their mouths in a way that facilitated a smile (without being aware of smiling) rated cartoons as funnier than those who held a pen in a manner that prevented smiling. This study demonstrates the effect of facial expressions on emotional experience.

Strack, F., Martin, L. L., & Stepper, S. (1988). Inhibiting and facilitating conditions of the human smile: A nonobtrusive test of the facial feedback hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(5), 768-777.

Posture and Emotion: Research on posture and emotion has shown that adopting certain body positions can influence one's emotional state. A study by Peper and Lin (2012) explored how body posture affects energy levels and the ability to generate positive and negative thoughts. They found that an upright posture can promote a more positive mood and energy levels, while a slumped posture can lead to increased feelings of depression.

Peper, E., & Lin, I. (2012). Increase or decrease depression: How body postures influence your energy level. Biofeedback, 40(3), 125-130.

Embodied Emotion: The theory of embodied emotion also supports the idea that bodily states influence emotional reactions. This perspective suggests that emotions are grounded in bodily sensations and that physical states can modulate emotional experiences. Niedenthal (2007) discusses how bodily sensations are integral to emotional processing, indicating that the body's posture, facial expressions, and actions can influence emotional states.

Niedenthal, P. M. (2007). Embodying emotion. Science, 316(5827), 1002-1005.

These studies collectively support the notion that bodily expressions and postures not only reflect our emotional states but can also influence them. The act of smiling can induce feelings of happiness, while adopting a slumped posture can contribute to feelings of depression, highlighting the intricate link between the physical body and emotional experiences.

Coping with the reality

Can relate to every bit of this as I have seen a grandparent lose his life to cancer - a painful end followed by a phase of intense struggle to cope with the reality of what I had experienced, an experience that took nearly three years and CBT sessions for me to find closure..




Autism and Grief

https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/giving-voice/202402/the-spectrum-of-loss-grief-through-the-autistic-lens

As a daughter who lost her dad at 15, and a mother who's spent two decades raising an autistic son, I have spent way too much time thinking about grief and about autism. I haven't often seen them talked about together - though I've watched my son experience the loss of his three grandparents, and address sorrow - both his own and that of the people around him - in ways that are both typical and amazingly unique.

"Nana must be feeling lonely without Papa."
"I think Papa must be in God's sunshine."
"She was MY grandma - and I loved her."
"Mom - your dad died 40 years ago - that's a long time!"
"It's December 28th, Mom, are you feeling sad today?"
"I just realized that "funeral" has the word "fun" in it!"

A year or so after the death of both of his grandmothers, James began to implode - an onset of OCD, anxiety and depression that took over and dominated our lives for almost two years. I've often wondered if the experience of losing two women he loved - and who adored, understood and valued him - was part of what set his implosion in motion.

I'm grateful for this piece that just popped up on my feed - thank you Hari Srinivasan for sharing your insights on the experience of grief through the lens of autism.