Regressive Autism

PlainSpeak for Lay Reader

Regressive autism, also called late-onset or acquired autism, is when a child starts losing skills they had developed, particularly in talking and interacting with others. This usually happens between 15 and 30 months old. Initially, these children might seem to be developing typically, but then they start having trouble communicating, become less social, avoid eye contact, and may show repetitive behaviors like hand-flapping or lining up toys. This change can be very upsetting for both the child and their family.

Possible Explanations for Regressive Autism

1. Genetic Factors: Some kids may be more likely to develop regressive autism if there is a history of autism or similar conditions in their family. This suggests that genetics might play a role.

2. Environmental Triggers: Certain environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins or infections, might trigger autism in children who are already at risk because of their genetics. However, the exact links are not yet clear.

3. Immune System Issues: Some children with regressive autism have abnormal immune responses. This means their bodies might react differently to infections or other immune challenges, which could be linked to the regression of skills.

4. Brain Changes: Changes in brain development and how brain cells connect with each other are being studied to understand why some children lose skills. These changes can affect how the brain processes information.

5. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Mitochondria are parts of cells that produce energy. Problems with mitochondria might affect brain development and function, which could contribute to autism symptoms.

6. Neuronal Pruning: During normal brain development, the brain removes excess neurons and connections to work more efficiently, a process called pruning. In autism, this pruning process might not work properly. Too much pruning can lead to losing important connections, while too little can result in too many connections, both of which can disrupt normal brain function and contribute to the loss of skills seen in regressive autism.

These explanations are still being researched, and scientists are working to better understand the causes and find effective ways to support children with regressive autism and their families

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