Boston Globe Op-Ed
The article discusses the linguistic controversy surrounding the use of identity-first language (e.g., "autistic") and person-first language (e.g., "person with autism"). I argue that the autism community can learn from other disability communities and embrace both types of language. The key takeaway is that it is not an either-or situation, and that the most important thing is to use language with empathy and respect.
Jon Stewart at Vanderbilt.
Media Mention
"I ran the explanations by my neuroscience Prof at Cal (David Presti) to make sure there were no factual errors. He thought I had correctly pulled in a lot of theories on the neuroscience of autism along with a wealth of data and analysis from my experiences and told a compelling story. In final article, had to cut out a couple more concepts due to word limit."
Quite serendipitous that this article was written during an Intro to Neuroscience elective with Prof David Presti (this course was for all majors so nothing like the extra-tough Cell Neuroscience this sem). At that time I was happy I got to go to college at all and soaking it all in. Who knew that I would end up even making it to grad school (today is end of year 1) and getting to do contribute to research in that area too!! Deep gratitude to all who supported me this last year.
Autism after 21 Day
- Approx 1/3 of autistics who got access to mainstream ed are put on a diploma track in high school and have the opportunity to make their way to 2/ 4 college, at age 18. They join the swelling ranks of other late-dx autistics and face challenges and barriers that come with adulthood.
- Almost 2/3 of autistics who are dx in childhood remain in the special education all through their ed years.
- At age 18, they get another 4 years of what is called Post Secondary Program; located either in segregated facilities/schools, in the school district itself or more recently as programs run on university campuses so they happen in the same space as college-aged peers; though the programming may be different. At the end of the programming, they receive a Certification of Completion.
- IDEA protections end at this point. This is also the services cliff where all previous services.
- Their options are a series of adult day programs, upto age 50 and then 50+ years. These day programs again have a range of quality - from real job coaching to mere babysitting but there is far less state oversight of quality. There is a shortage of good programs. And as usual, much like special education itself, programs only want the "easy autistics". So where do the rest go?
- This is a HUGE problem, as families are suddenly handed back their adult child and told to go figure out what to do, from caretaking to daytime programming to housing and staffing, funding to figuring out pretty much everything. Many YA autistics have signifiant medical and other communication needs which can get aggravated with age with no real supports. The onus pretty much falls to the family to figure out what to do.
- The challenges faced compound for autistics who have higher support needs yet had somehow managed to access mainstream education and even make it to college. Its like straddling two world, as they face barriers in both world - neither of which knows how to support you or wants to include you. Its almost assumed you must be in one of the other other. I have to question this assumption. Instead why can we find solutions?
- Some of these barriers and challenges are unique to each space while others are common across the spectrum. The point being that adulthood in autism is not easy and we need to be thinking of solutions that helps each group and across the board.
The Grandmother of the Disability Rights Movement turns 103
Zona is the mother of Ed Roberts, who started the very first Disabled Students Program at UC Berkeley as well as starting the Independent Living Movement.
So if Ed is the father of the Disability Rights Movement, she is the grandmother behind it all.
Noise Cancelling Headphones and Autism
April 18 is Regressive Autism Day
Regressive autism / late-onset autism /acquired autism, is where a child develops typically in early childhood meeting all developmental milestones, but then experiences a loss of previously acquired skills, at around 1.5 years to 4 years. Estimates of regressive autism range from 30 - 44% of kids who get diagnosed with autism in childhood. (1,2,3)
This loss/regression is especially evident in the areas of social communication and interaction; such as loss of interest in social interaction, loss of eye contact, loss of spoken language, loss of motor skills and the development of repetitive behaviors.
For instance, I met all my developmental milestones till 1.5 years, including the ability to able to speak short phrases. I was the happy social butterfly at my first birthday party; I interacted with everyone at the party. I pointed to the distant bird sitting on a tree and engaged in joint attention activities.
But after my regression at 16-18 months, I lost a majority of the previous skills. By age 2, I lost the ability to talk, the ability to make eye contact, the ability to point, the ability to do a pincer grasp and the ability to hold a spoon. I no longer recognized even my parents. I hid under the table, walked on tiptoe, endlessly spun the wheels on my tricycle and lined up every toy in the house. I was in a confused and dazed state and cried most of the time in daycare. I fussed for eating and sleeping.
DEJA VU!! - Regressive Autism is like Alzheimers in toddlerhood itself where you forget even your family, instead of in old age. Something must have happened to cause this memory loss and this functioning loss. I can understand why parents of young children find this heartbreaking; they suddenly become strangers for own children.
Asset-Framing
- Shifting the focus from problems to solutions: Instead of focusing on what's wrong or broken, Asset-Framing encourages individuals/communities to focus on their strengths and assets and how they can use them to address their challenges.
- Highlighting the value of lived experiences: Asset-Framing recognizes that individuals and communities have unique lived experiences that shape their perspectives and abilities. By valuing and leveraging these experiences, people can better understand their strengths and use them to achieve their goals.
- Emphasizing the power of community: Asset-Framing acknowledges that individuals are interconnected and that their strengths are often amplified when they work together in supportive communities.
The Autism - Parkinson's Connection
Taxonomy of Sensory Differences in Autism
The 5 levels of proposed taxonomy are.
Imbecile
The term "imbecile" has historically been used as a diagnostic label for neurodevelopmental disabilities like autism.
One of the most well-known cases involving the use of the term "imbecile" was the Supreme Court case Buck v. Bell, in which the court upheld the constitutionality of forced sterilization for individuals classified as "imbeciles." The decision paved the way for similar laws in other states, and resulted in the sterilization of tens of thousands of individuals with disabilities.
Buck v. Bell (1927): This case involved the forced sterilization of a woman who was deemed "feeble-minded" by the state of Virginia. In its decision, the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of Virginia's sterilization law and stated that "three generations of imbeciles are enough." (274 U.S. 200)
The History of Hurtful Words About Disability
The word "imbecile" used to be a medical term for people with intellectual disabilities, like autism.
Origins
- In the 18th century, a French doctor named Philippe Pinel used "imbecile" to describe people who had some intellectual disabilities but could still function in society with help.
- Over time, the term was used more broadly to describe people with all levels of intellectual disabilities, even those who couldn’t live independently.
Eugenics Justification
- In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the term "imbecile" was widely used in the US and Europe.
- It was part of the eugenics movement, which aimed to control and eliminate disabled people from the population.
- Words like "imbecile" and "moron" were used to label people based on their perceived intelligence.
- These labels were used to justify forced sterilizations (preventing people from having children), putting people in institutions, and other forms of discrimination.
Buck v. Bell Case
- One famous case was Buck v. Bell in 1927.
- The Supreme Court allowed the forced sterilization of a woman called "feeble-minded" by the state of Virginia.
- The court said, "three generations of imbeciles are enough," leading to many more forced sterilizations across the country.
Changes in the 20th Century
- In the early to mid-1900s, medical and psychological professionals began using more scientific and respectful terms for intellectual disabilities.
- However, the term "imbecile" was still used in some legal documents until the 1970s.
- The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 required the removal of discriminatory language from federal laws and policies about people with disabilities.
Today
- Today, using words like "imbecile" is considered outdated and offensive.
- It’s important to use respectful and accurate language when talking about people with disabilities.